December 12th, 2005

A15.1: Final Learning Reflection/Record

Confidence and independence

Preparing for information literacy:  This unit was at the very beginning of the year, and my first year in the CD program.  I had some technical difficulties, interpret “technical” in the context of your choice. For example, the very first assignment in this unit involved reading about information literacy.  Then we devised a writing prompt –oh sorry, a “deep” writing prompt on our reading, answered the writing prompt, and e-mailed this profound and scholarly masterpiece to an entire list of strangers. . .(“unknown people”, not “weird people. . . ) 

http://listserv.wvnet.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0509&L=mu-cd315-l&D=1&O=D&F=P&S=&X=23FC03486323617B8B&Y=thacker46@marshall.edu&P=1022

At this point in time, I didn’t even know my Marshall ID number to use my school e-mail account.  Actually, I had never used my school e-mail account.

Maybe change is difficult for me to adjust to because of my lack of “confidence and independence.” But, in my opinion, life forces us to choose. . . we either adjust and adapt, or we give up and get left behind.   So I accepted this unit as one establishing routine, structure, and organization. . .  and I adapted.  I became comfortable with NiceNet:

www.nicenet.org

(and my journal would be. . . ):

http://www.nicenet.org/ICA/class/conf_topic_show.cfm?Topic_id=291566

Isn’t it a nice little on-line community?  We get to share information exclusively amongst our “circle of trust.”  I even memorized my Marshall ID number, believe it or not.

Information Discovery, Retrieval, and Management:  After the “Don’t Spread that Hoax!” website in the preceding unit, it was refreshing to have a chance to redeem ourselves.  After being given tips in which to critique internet websites, we had to critique our own. 

http://listserv.wvnet.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0509&L=mu-cd315-l&D=1&O=A&F=P&X=5AC92366497E657F7F&Y=thacker46@marshall.edu&P=16896

Unfortunately, I was almost tricked again, just because the site “appeared” professional.  It was interesting when I considered the questions for evaluating, because one of them was, “What is the purpose of this website?”  The site’s name was something like, “betterdogfood,” but the site had very, very little about dog food. I was under the impression that something “just isn’t right”, but I thought I was being paranoid.  However, I’m learning to take my instincts into serious consideration.  There are logical and reasonable ways to investigate the legitmacy of a site, and some of these are elaborated upon through the websites we were provided. 

Processing information:  We created several of our writing genres in this unit, and I gained confidence thanks to my wonderful peer-revisers.  They were very encouraging and actually got me to believe that (with certain adjustments and considerations, of course), my website wouldn’t be half-bad.  My rough drafts and my peer-reviser’s comments can be found at www.tabulas.com/~MeganLeigh, and these are just my rough drafts, my website it much better.  J

Transferring information:  We read (and discussed in class) certain copyright information, and I think this was important because generally, “knowledge is power” (thank you, School House Rock.)  We became much more knowledgebable about the responsibilities that came with publishing our work.  Because we did make our webpage open to the public, we applied this information.  But independence is a gradual process; our first “adventures in copyright” were somewhat informal.  We had the opportunity to receive and ask for help and to revise and have others revise our work.  Also, we are working under that “grey area” of “educational, non-profit purposes” and I still really, really hope I did everything “legally.”  But because I am not profiting off of someone else’s work, and I referenced everything I used. . . if I made any minor errors, I (probably) won’t be taken to court.      

Knowledge and understanding: 

Preparing for information literacy: Sites filled with “common sense”, like those about e-mail, usually provided important information that I had not (recently) considered.  For example, e-mails are free-game to public inspection.  This was interesting to me, because I’m becoming so accustomed to the ‘e-mail’ format that I’m very careless about the kind of information that I send via e-mail.  The email goes on a complex and complicated journey before arriving to its destination:   

http://www.learnthenet.com/english/html/75email.htm

I learned there are different kinds of search engines and the search engine you choose should depend on the search you are conducting. Metasearch engines simultaneously scour several search engines.  (How I love alliteration.)  Metasearch engines will only give you ten percent of the results of any one of these search engines.  Sometimes they are able to organize your results into themes.

http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/MetaSearch.html

Basic search engines provide the most results and provide full-text documents.  The results are not evaluated or censored.  (So be careful what you click.)

http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/ThingsToKnow.html

Subject directories do not contain full-text documents but may be more efficiently organized and are definitely more censored because they are built by human selection.

http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/ToolsTables.html

Information Discovery, Retrieval, and Management:  Many articles assigned to us in the “Information Discovery, Retrieval, and Management” unit gave us a variety of tips and / or warnings on how to utilize (what I refer to as) the infinite abyss if the world wide web. I'll begin by stating that the web is not an encyclopedia, which means anyone can publish anything. 

When evaluating internet information, it is extremely important to understand the “why” behind the site. We were given these basic guidelines in which to critique the internet resources we will use for our MRP.  We have to consider ulterior motives behind publication, what the author’s credentials are (or are not), when it was written,  has it been judged and / or evaluated, is it organized, are their references – the list goes on.

http://www.oit.umd.edu/units/web/literacy/

Processing information:  I learned a lot  regarding autism and techiniques to facilitate language in a child with autism.  Of course this can be found on my lovely website:  http://mupfc.marshall.edu/~thacker46

What is being discovered about the disorder and the treatment of the disorder is absolutely fascinating.  May our knowledge continue to grow.

Transferring information:  Copyrights protect written work, such as plays and poetry, sheet music and recorded music, art, software codes, and even the extremely abstract—choreography, for example. At some point the copyrighted work should have existed in a physical form.

Copyrights do not protect factual information – though you should make sure the factual information is in your own words.  It doesn’t really matter who “discovers” factual information because no one can own a fact.

http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter0/0-a.html#1

If you're using another's material in your own work, it's highly recommended that you get the author's permission.

http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter0/0-b.html

If you only want to use a small section of someone else's work for educational and non-profit purposes, you may not have to get permission from the author. Our class should fall into this category.  We are referencing our research information, using facts to support educational (but fictional) writings of our own creation, and we certainly aren’t receiving any monetary gain for our endeavors. In my opinion, the “copyright clause” was created to ensure no one else is receiving money from someone else’s work.

http://www.k-state.edu/academicservices/intprop/CBasics.htm


Use of prior and emerging experience:


Preparing for information literacy:  This unit primarily revolved around introspection.  “How do you learn?”  “Describe your history as a learner.”  “Why do you want to be an SLP?”  “What’s your learning style?”  I’ve always told people that I wanted to have someone follow me around and narrate my inner-thoughts and feelings, like on The Wonder Years.  Whatever question I am asked, I have probably thought about the answer before in some form or the other; therefore I am using prior patterns-of-thought to answer current questions.

Information Discovery, Retrieval, and Management: This was definitely not my first research experience; I’d even used EBSCO host before to find “peer-revised” articles relating to a CD topic.  We have a very, very valuable resource at our fingertips.  J  I’ve also used search engines before, and this was helpful because I’ve already picked my favorites.  Especially when I wanted to find PECs pictures, I knew to use Google’s “images” feature.

Processing information:  I’ve also put “research” type information into my own writing before (though never fictional writing, actually.)  This is always problematic for me, particulary because I have the desire to quote everything.  It’s HARD to put information that you’ve only recently been exposed to into your own words.  The only thing new for me was referencing paraphrased information, but having that option actually made writing the paper easier.  Before I was always on pins and needles on just re-wording information straight out of the textbook because it still wasn’t technically “mine.”  Citing the author and the year is basically like putting a disclaimer on your paper:  “These are my words but the information isn’t mine!”  Besides, since our writings are educationally-based, having references increases our credibility. 

Transferring information:  I had never used the SCAR method prior to this class, but I am an avid reviser. Actually, I usually focus on mechanics, grammar, etc.—which would make me more of an “editor,” but whatever it is that I do made the SCAR revision very natural and almost automatic.  When I was a sophomore in high school, our teacher gave us a re-occurring lecture on “word economy” and “pack every word with power.”  I can best explain this by example.  Instead of writing: “The girl is running.  The girl is fast.  Her dog has her book bag.  She is wanting her book bag.”  You could say, “The girl runs frantically after her dog in a desperate attempt to reclaim her book bag.” In those three sentences I substituted, cut, added, and rearranged.  I’ve been manipulating the English language in such a manner for five years, and though I’m not really good at it, I do understand the concept.  It helped me with all of the writing we did in this class.

Skills and strategies:

Preparing for information literacy:  This unit actually provided us with a significant amount of procedural knowledge.  Even “Don’t spread that hoax!” :

http://www.nonprofit.net/hoax/hoax_big.html

contained an underlying theme pertinent for my research experience, which was “Just because something’s published on the internet doesn’t make it true.”  I think these kind of sites provided an indirect explanation as to why we were requested to use peer-revised and scholarly books and journals in creating our MRPs. 

We also learned some basic information on “the email”:

http://www.learnthenet.com/english/html/20how.htm

which was interesting skill-provoking information for several reasons.  It is true that as children of the ‘80’s, most of us are well-acquainted with the e-mail process.  However, by having access to even the most basic of information, we’re ensured to begin the year on a “steady foundation.”  Our educational experience is based on scaffolding and sequencing, and we can’t jump into a technology class designing a website. 

Information Discovery, Retrieval, and Management:  Probably the most important skill I learned regarding this chapter had to do with APA and APA citation and documentation.  Most of my references were journal articles, and they should be recorded as such: Author, initial, & Author, initial. (year). Article title. Journal Title, volume no(issue no), page no-page no.

Processing information:  In this unit, we learned about Powerpoint presentations and how to effectively create a Powerpoint presentation. It’s a visual format and should be treated as one.  Oftentimes people use Powerpoint to list bulleted information, and if that is your intention, you should distribute a handout.  A presentation should tell a story, and it should have pictures with words backing up the pictures, and not vice versa.  I ATTEMPTED to do this with my powerpoint.  I can’t really say that I was particularly “inspiring” or “motivating” (and I DID start out and end my presentation with some bulleted points).  This is my powerpoint presentation:  http://mupfc.marshall.edu/~thacker46/PECS.ppt 

Transferring information:   Revision is ultimately a process, and it's important to understand the process of revision versus the process of editing. Revising has to do with your content and the meaning (and the clarity of meaning) in your writing. Editing deals with mechanics and general fluency.

http://www.muwp.org/cd315/stories/storyReader$893

Reflection: 

Preparing for information literacy:  In retrospect, information literacy  -- understanding, evaluating, examining and analyzing information from a variety of different perspectives and viewpoints -- is the first step, and a crucial step, in becoming competent in our field and the more generalized realm of academia.

http://www.ericdigests.org/1995-1/information.htm

We not only had a reading about this, but we had an assignment on it as well.  The assignment made me a little dizzy, because we were asked to think critically about thinking critically (in regards to information literacy.)

http://www.muwp.org/cd315/stories/storyReader$866

I could go even further with this, because we had MOO discussions where we thought critically about our critical thinking about critical thinking (in regards to information literacy.)

http://listserv.wvnet.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0510&L=mu-cd315-l&D=1&O=A&F=P&X=1502154F1D0F40B79D&Y=thacker46@marshall.edu&P=15680

All such assignments helped me to recognize the preliminary steps necessary in research.  

Information Discovery, Retrieval, and Management:  Hopefully I will be able to utilize all of my skills regarding “information discovery, retrieval, and management” in the future.  I have honestly never had a project of this magnitude before (I thought this was even more time-consuming than our case study) and it was an “adventure” to say the least.  I was really forced to analyze my writing, my style of writing, the effectiveness of my writing. . . my research, my style of research, the effectiveness of my research . . . we were given pretty stringent time limits and if I was running short on time, I thought, “What?  What have I wasted time on?”  For instance, I’ll spend a lot of time reading an article I end up not using, half-way into my e-mail exchange I’ll decide to do a pamphlet. . . I’ll write an interview transcript, and then I’ll think, “Whoa, WHAT was this about????”  So that’s why we’re supposed to very carefully design our essential quesitons, foundational questions, and our outline before we start our writings.

Processing information:  As for “processing” this information, we utilized the information we had and made certain our information was perfect and had an impact.  We added research and citation, and we used various different “voices” to tell our story, and this helped our project to be interesting, well-rounded, and informative.  

Transferring information:  By understanding our rights as the audience, and the author's rights as the creator, we can more comfortably use and publish information.

http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter0/0-b.html

I believe that the SCAR method and practicing revision helps us to become better writers and self-evaluators. When revising, we are forced to look at our piece from a different perspective.  This is the point where we may consider,” What am I trying to say, and am I saying it?  What will the audience take away from this piece of writing, and is it what I wished for?” The author's intentions and the author's words don't always coincide. The SCAR method focuses on simple adjustments you can make to enhance the clarity of and strengthen the theme of your writing.  Here is what I substituted, cut, added, and rearranged in my journal writing for me MRP. 

http://listserv.wvnet.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0511&L=mu-cd315-l&D=1&O=A&F=P&X=6AFC427E4DE62A6680&Y=thacker46@marshall.edu&P=7031

Posted by MeganLeigh at 01:43 AM | Add a Comment

November 6th, 2005

Powerpoint

Here's the link to my powerpoint presentation. . . sorry, I haven't added the transitions yet. . .but I was able to get it slide-to-slide by rolling my mouse so I suppose it's operable. 

http://mupfc.marshall.edu/~thacker46/PECS.ppt 

Posted by MeganLeigh at 10:47 PM | 2 comments

References

Beauchesne, M., & Kelley, B.  Evidence to support parental concerns as an early indicator of autism in children.  Pediatric Nursing, 30(1), 57-67.  Retrieved October 2, 2005, from the Academic Search Premier database.

Bondy, A. S., & Frost, L. A.  The picture exchange communication system.  Focus on Autistic Behavior, 9(3), 1-19.  Retrieved November 4, 2005, from the Academic Search Premier database.

Corsello, Christina M.  (2005).  Early intervention in autism.  Infants & young children:  An interdisciplinary journal of special care practices, 18(2), 74-85.  Retrieved October 2, 2005, from the Academic Search Premier database.

Richard, G.  (1997).  The source for autism.  East Moline, IL : Linguisystems.

Janzen, J. (1999). Autism: Facts and strategies for parents. United States : Therapy Skill Builders.

Maurice, C.  (Ed).  (1996).  Behavioral intervention for young children with autism:  A manual for parents and professionals.  Austin, TX : PRO-ED, Inc. 

Posted by MeganLeigh at 01:41 AM | Add a Comment

October 28th, 2005

Pamphlet

What is autism?

Autism is a lifelong, neurological disorder.  Autism is a spectrum disorder, meaning its symptoms range from mild to severe, depending on the individual.  However, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, a diagnosis of autism entails:

  • Impairments in social interaction
  • Impairments in communication
  • Onset before three years of age 
  • Stereotyped (ritualized) behaviors

(Richard, 1997)

A child with autism may also have impairments regarding:

  • Sensory integration
  • Fine and / or Gross Motor Skills
  • Play
  • Behavior
  • Cognition 
 How do I know if my child has autism?  (This list should not serve as a substitution for a diagnostic evaluation.  These are simply indicating factors.  If your child demonstrates several of these characteristics, contact your pediatrician.)    

Does your child. . .  exhibit unusual play behavior?  Children with autism usually engage in repetitive self-stimulatory behavior; they may appear as if ran by a motor.  They show little to no interest in pretend play.      

Is your child . . .  socially aloof? By the first year, your child should be exhibiting a social smile, and showing particular interest in the human face.  By the first year, he/she should be babbling and using simple gestures; by the second year, he/she should have developed some sort of gesture system, and should utilize speech communication.  (Including some two-word utterances.)   Children with autism prefer to be alone.

Does your child. . . appear withdrawn from reality?  Many children with autism have what is called an “empty gaze” and lack emotional expression.  Others appear indifferent to auditory stimuli, which is why some parents first suspect a child with autism is deaf. 

Does your child. . . display odd visual fascinations? Does your child appear more intrigued by an airborne speck of dust than his/her toys, or the people around him/her?

Also contact your pediatrician if. . .

Your child is not meeting the appropriate developmental milestones.  (Go to www.firstsigns.com for more information)      

At * any * loss of skills 

Why is an early diagnosis so important ?

The sooner a child is diagnosed, the sooner treatment can begin—and time is of the essence.  While there is no cure for autism, research shows early intervention is the key to giving these children a better quality of life.  “Since it is imperative to intervene early with these children to achieve optimum improvements, it is essential that parents and providers be aware of these early signs.”  (Beuauchesne, Kelley, 2004, p. 58.)

What kinds of early intervention are available?  Many programs utilize. . .

Developmental intervention :

Developmental intervention refers to child-directed approaches, as used in the Greenspan model.  “The adults’ role . . . is to follow the child’s lead and play at whatever captures the child’s interest while building on his actions in increasingly complex ways that literally compel the child to want to continue the interaction.”  (Janzen, 1999, p. 84)   An adult (trained to effectively respond to a child with autism) will enage in interactive play activies with the child several times a day, gradually enhancing the child’s ability to imitate, to take turns, and to hold attention.  However, this model’s emphasis is on interpersonal relations, which hopefully “lead to the mastery of cognitive and developmental skills”  (Corsello, 2005, p.82).  

Applied Behavior Analysis :

ABA “includes a number of . . . intervention strategies based on behavioral principles and programs based on behavioral principles.”  (Corsello, 2005, p.79).  The discrete trial format, like all ABA formats, is very structured.  The discrete trial format involves the following sequence:  cue, response, consequence (Janzen, 1999).  The instructor might say “Do this”, and touch her head.  The child will touch his/her head, and the teacher will offers some sort of reward, either a tangible reinforcer (e.g. food, toy)  or a social reinforcer (e.g. hug, praise.)  Incidental teaching is another form of ABA.  It involves “taking advantage of teachable moments”  (Janzen, 1999, p. 75).  For example, something the child wants is out of reach.  The child stretches his/her arms out for a stuffed dog.   The instructor may say, “You want the dog.  Here is the dog.”  Or she may say, “You want the dog.  Say ‘dog.’” Before providing the dog as a reinforcer, the teacher will expect some sort of of response, even if just the first sound of the word.  "Over the past three decades, consistent and systematic research projects have demonstrated the utility of the behavioral approach, and many recent, larger-scale outcome studies have consistently demonstrated that this approach yields significant benefits for children with autism" (Maurice, 1996, p.195).

References:   

Beauchesne, M., & Kelley, B.  Evidence to support parental concerns as an early indicator of autism in children.  Pediatric Nursing, 30(1), 57-67.  Retrieved October 2, 2005, from the Academic Search Premier database.

Corsello, Christina M.  (2005).  Early intervention in autism.  Infants & young children:  An interdisciplinary journal of special care practices, 18(2), 74-85.  Retrieved October 2, 2005, from the Academic Search Premier database.

Richard, G.  (1997).  The source for autism.  East Moline, IL : Linguisystems.

Janzen, J. (1999). Autism: Facts and strategies for parents. United States : Therapy Skill Builders.

Maurice, C.  (Ed).  (1996).  Behavioral intervention for young children with autism:  A manual for parents and professionals.  Austin, TX : PRO-ED, Inc. 

Posted by MeganLeigh at 07:43 PM | 2 comments

October 21st, 2005

Interview Transcript

Sheila Clark:  Hi, my name is Sheila Clark.  I'm a speech-language pathologist, and over the next few days, I'm going to be assessing how Allie communicates.  You must be Ms. Jones, Allie’s mother.

Jessica Jones:  Yes. 

Clark [shuffles through papers]:  The worst of the interrogation is over.  I know you had to go through quite a lengthy interview with your pediatrician before he diagnosed Allie with Autism Spectrum Disorder—

Jones: It doesn’t even compare to what I’ve answered for you guys!

Clark [smiles]:  Before any child is admitted into our program, we obtain extremely, extremely detailed case histories.  We leave no stone unturned.  I’ve already studied Allie’s medical history, developmental history, behavioral history, and so forth—I've reviewed any information that could possibly be beneficial in her treatment regime. 

This is going to be a pretty informal interview.  I’ve briefly met with Allie and I was hoping we could discuss some of my first impressions.  I also wanted to answer any questions you might regarding my role in treating Allie--though you’re welcome to contact me anytime.  I’m sure we’ll be meeting frequently to discuss Allie’s progress.

Jones:  That’s fine, I’ll answer any questions I can. 

Clark:  Let me start out, Ms. Jones, by telling you what a beautiful little three-year-old you have.  She's determined and very strong-spirited.

Jones [brightens]:  I’ve told people that!  I’ve always told people that.  Since the day she was born, my Allie has known exactly what she wanted.  She gets that from my side of the family. 

I’ll have bring in my neice some time to watch Allie in session.  Megan’s a budding speech-language pathologist; she’s a junior at Marshall University. It's all she talks about. (Rolls eyes.)  Her program requires that she view a session of some type of speech therapy, and then write an observation report.     

Clark :  Well. . .because Allie is nonverbal, my focus in therapy will be language development.   How does Allie express herself?

Jones [after slight hesitation]:  Allie's prone to tantrums, and she'll scream whenever she's upset.   Whenever she sees the Teletubbies, for example.  As soon as they come on and start socializing with that floating sun-baby, she screams and cries like there's no tomorrow.

Clark:  Is this intentional communication?  Is she crying because she's upset, or because she wants you to do something?

Jones:  Oh, I feel certain she expects me to turn off the T.V. in response to her crying.   Because if the crying doesn't get my attention, she'll kick the television set.  And I think she realizes this "kicking" behavior forces me to drop whatever I'm doing to run to her aid . . .

Clark:   It is important for us to understand how the child communicates,  so we can “. . . formulate goals to make communication conventional.  For example. . . [we] can teach a child to shake his head 'no' instead of screaming and throwing”  (Maurice, p. 299, 1996). 

Jones :  There was a pamphlet on autism in the waiting room.  It. . . it talks about these problems that happen within the first year.  I swear, Allie was fine until she turned sixteen months.  I know. . .[lowers voice]. . I realize that she has problems, but are you sure she is autistic? 

Clark:  Ms. Jones, I haven’t spent enough time with your daughter to even  give you an educated opinion regarding her diagnosis.  However, autism isn’t necessarily identifiable at birth.  Sometimes children with autism regress; they lose previously acquired skills.  (Corsello, 2005).  Other times, the symptoms become more overt when the child is older. We notice their language skills aren't developing as they should be.  Or that they aren’t interested in people—

Jones :   And are abnormally interested in . . . things. . .  right?   I wrote some of Allie’s odd behaviors in my journal.  I’ll have to read over again when I get home.

Clark:  Yes, children with autism can become almost obsessive over certain objects.  Their play can be very restricted.

Jones:  Do you think she can understand me?

Clark:   Again, I really haven’t spent enough time with Allie to say.   Children -- with and without autism, for that matter -- usually have more receptive language than expressive language.  They understand more than they can express.       

Jones:  She knows her name, but sometimes she won’t look up until the second or third time I say it. 

Clark:  That doesn’t surprise me.  Just know that Allie is not being defiant.  “It takes a long time for. . . children [with autism] to process, understand, and organize information they hear . .  .”  (Janzen 1999). “Sometimes this delay is as long as 30 to 45 seconds”  (Janzen 1999).  “These children also have difficulty maintaining attention on verbal information.  Their attention fades in and out as it is diverted or overwhelmed by background noises”  (Janzen 1999).      

Jones:  Allie’s much less responsive when any kind of noise is in the background.  Even the sound of the running dishwasher distracts her.

Clark:  It’s impossible for us to understand exactly how a child with autism perceives the world.  What we do know is that autism is a sensory disorder.  Someone with autism may receive sensory information—whether it be tactile, visual, or auditory—“at either too high or too low a level” (Janzen 1999).  At times, Allie might not be able to make out your voice at all.  But the sound of the running dishwasher rages like a bulldozer.

Jones:  I know you were supposed to be the one interviewing me. . . but can I ask you one more thing?

Clark:  Of course!

Jones:  Will Allie ever be able to talk?

Clark:  Ms. Jones, I assure you, all will be done.  If I cannot get Allie to communicate orally, I'll teach her some form of augmentative communication.  The Picture Exchange Communication System has been effective with many of my clients.  It provides them a mode of self-expression, allowing them to visually convey their needs and desires.  And sometimes augmentative communication sets the stage for verbal communication.  [pauses]  Allie is two, right?

Jones:  She just turned two and a half yesterday.

Clark:  “The available evidence from a variety of programs and studies suggests that early intervention leads to better outcomes”  (Corsello 2005).  And the sooner the problem is identified, the earlier intervention can begin.  Fortunately, “The preschool years are still considered ‘early’ when it comes to early intervention”  (Corsello 2005). 

Jones:  I pray for her every day.  I pray that she will be happy and healthy and . . . and, that one day, everyone will see Allie as I see her.   

References: 

Corsello, Christina M.  (2005).  Early intervention in autism.  Infants & young children:  An interdisciplinary journal of special care practices, 18(2), 74-85.  Retrieved October 2, 2005, from the Academic Search Premier database.

Janzen, J. (1999). Autism: Facts and strategies for parents. United States : Therapy Skill Builders.

Maurice, C.  (Ed).  (1996).  Behavior intervention for young children with autism:  A manual for parents and professionals.  Austin, TX : PRO-ED, Inc. 

Posted by MeganLeigh at 06:39 PM | 2 comments
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